Bible > Strong’s > Hebrew > 6440
◄ 6440. panim or paneh ►
Strong’s Concordance
panim or paneh: face, faces
Original Word: פָנִים
Part of Speech: Noun Masculine
Transliteration: panim or paneh
Phonetic Spelling: (paw-neem’)
Definition: face, faces

b. of ׳י Exodus 33:20, compare Exodus 33:23. of ׳י himself, לֹא יָסִיר מָּנִיםִ מִכֶּם2Chronicles 30:9; בְּעֹשֵׂי ׳מְּנֵי י רָ֑ע Psalm 34:17; גַּעֲרַת מָּנֶיךָ Psalm 80:17. — See further below… presence, person Isaiah 63:9; Psalm 17:15.

especially ׳לפני י Genesis 17:1 and elsewhere. (e) in presence of the moon or sun, Psalm 72:5; Psalm 72:17, i.e. as long as they endure. (f) free before, at the disposal of,Genesis 13:9 הֲלֹא כָלהָֿאָרֶץ לְפָנֶיךָ (compare Genesis 20:15; Genesis 34:10; Genesis 47:6; Jeremiah 40:4; 2Chron 14:6), 2 Chron 24:51; Songs 8:12. (g) in the sight (estimation) of, Genesis 7:1 thee have I seen to be just before me, Genesis 10:9 a mighty hunter before ׳י, Deuteronomy 24:4 ׳י ׳תּוֺעֵבָה ל, Deuteronomy 24:13 ׳י ׳צְדָקָה ל, 1 Samuel 20:1 b, אָרוּר ׳י ׳ל Joshua 6:26; 1 Samuel 26:19, ׳י ׳לְרָצוֺן ל acceptable before ׳י, Leviticus 1:3 +, Psalm 19:15; 2 Kings 5:1 a great man לִפְנֵי אֲדֹנָיו, Proverbs 14:12; Psalm 143:2; ׳וַיִּיטַב ל (late synonym of earlier בְּעֵנֵי) Nehemiah 2:5,6; Esther 5:14; ׳טוֺב ל Ecclesiastes 2:26; Ecclesiastes 7:26; compare also נָתַן לְרַחֲמִים לִפְנֵי, see רַחֲמִים. (h) ׳לִפְנֵי י, specifically of acts done with a solemn sense of ׳י’s presence, often, but not always, at a sanctuary: Genesis 27:7 that I may eat and bless thee before ׳י, before I die, Exodus 18:12 to eat bread before God, Deuteronomy 1:45 ye wept before ׳י, Deuteronomy 6:25; Deuteronomy 12:7 (to eat, so Deuteronomy 12:18; Deuteronomy 14:23,26; Deuteronomy 15:20), Deuteronomy 15:12 (rejoice, so Deuteronomy 15:18; Deuteronomy 27:7; Isaiah 9:2), Joshua 18:6; Joshua 24:1; Judges 11:11; Judges 20:23,26; Judges 21:2; 1 Samuel 7:6; 1 Samuel 10:19; 1 Samuel 11:15; 1 Samuel 12:7; 1 Samuel 15:33; 1 Samuel 23:18; 2 Samuel 5:3; 2 Samuel 7:18; 2 Samuel 21:9; and constantly in P, as Exodus 16:9,33,34; Leviticus 1:5,11; Leviticus 3:1,7 etc.; of residents in Jerusalem Isaiah 23:18. So in ׳י ׳הָלַךְ ל 1 Kings 2:4 and elsewhere.

b. In other phrases: — (a) עָמַד לִפְנֵי to stand before, i.e. wait upon, be in attendance on, Deuteronomy 1:38 and elsewhere (see עָמַד

1e). Simil. הָיָה לִפְנֵי 1 Samuel 19:7 (compare 1 Samuel 29:8), 2 Kings 5:2; ׳עָבַד ל 2 Samuel 16:19. (b) הִשְׁתַּחֲוָה לִפְנֵי to bow down before Genesis 23:12; Deuteronomy 26:10; 2 Kings 18:22 and elsewhere (see below שָׁחָה; also נָפַל 3b): so with הִתְמַּלֵּל to pray 1 Samuel 1:12 +; compare הלך פָני 1 Kings 12:30; 1 Chronicles 21:30. (c) to be smitten (נִגַּף) before a foe; see נָגַף Niph`al [contrast נוּס מִמְּנֵי: below 6a]. So with נָפַל 1 Samuel 14:13; נָתַן (in helplessness or flight), especially in Deuteronomy, as Deuteronomy 1:8,21; Deuteronomy 7:2 (twice in verse); Deuteronomy 7:23; Joshua 10:12; Joshua 11:6 + (DrDT lxxxii): compare Judges 4:15; 2 Samuel 5:20; Isaiah 45:1; Jeremiah 1:17. (d) עָמַד לִפְנֵי to stand (make a stand) before (not quite so strong as בִּפְנֵי ׳ע, above

3), Exodus 9:11; Judges 2:14; 2 Kings 10:4; Jeremiah 49:19; Psalm 76:8; Psalm 147:17; Nahum 1:6; so with הִתְיַצֵּב Deuteronomy 9:2; Joshua 1:5; Job 41:2, קוּם Joshua 7:12,13. (e) in hostile sense (rare), יָצָא לִפְנֵי go forth to face 1 Chronicles 14:8; 2Chron 14:9. (f) לִפְנֵי (נָתַן) שִׂים, of food, to set or place before, Genesis 18:8; Genesis 24:33 +. (g) נָתַן לִפְנֵי to set before, i.e. propound for acceptance or choice, usually of laws (especially Deuteronomy, Jeremiah), Deuteronomy 4:8; Deuteronomy 11:26,32; Deuteronomy 30:1,15,19; 1 Kings 9:6 (D2), Jeremiah 9:12; Jeremiah 21:8; Jeremiah 26:4; Jeremiah 44:10; Daniel 9:10, compare Ezekiel 23:24 (place at disposal of): so with שִׂים Exodus 19:7; Exodus 21:1.

c. With reference to position: (a) in front of, before, especially with verbs of motion (with which נֶגֶד is hardly used), Genesis 32:21 בַּמִּנְחָה הַהֹלֶכֶת לְפָנָ֔י that goeth before me, Genesis 33:14 the cattle אֲשֶׁר לְפָנַי, Exodus 17:5; Exodus 23:20 etc.; in the description of a march or procession, Exodus 13:21,22; Numbers 10:33; Isaiah 52:12; Isaiah 58:8 +; 2 Samuel 3:31 and wail before Abner (before his bier); of flocks before a shepherd Genesis 32:18; of captives or booty driven before a conqueror 1 Samuel 30:20 (read וַיִּנְהֲגוּ לְפָנָיו We Dr), Isaiah 8:4; Isaiah 40:10 = Isaiah 62:11 וּפְעֻלָּתוֺ לְפָנָיו his recompence (i.e. his newly-recovered people, regarded as his prize of war) before him, Amos 9:4; Lamentations 1:5,6 (b) of a leader, etc. = at the head of, Deuteronomy 10:11; Judges 9:39; 1 Samuel 8:20; Micah 1:13 and elsewhere; compare בא ויצא לפני (העם) Numbers 27:17; 1 Samuel 18:13,16; 2Chronicles 1:10; Ecclesiastes 4:16 before whom (at whose head) he was. (c) denoting superiority, before, above, Genesis 48:20 וַיָּשֶׂם אתאֿפרים לפני מנשׁה, Job 34:19.

d. Of places (not very common): Exodus 14:2 before Pi-hahiroth . . ., before Baal-zephon, Numbers 33:7b, Genesis 23:17 מַמְרֵא ׳אשׁר ל (usually ׳על פני מ: see

7a d), 1 Chronicles 19:7; Nehemiah 8:1,3; before the temple, veil, altar, etc., Exodus 16:34 + הָעֵדֻת ׳ל, Exodus 30:6 + הַמָּרֹכֶת ׳ל, Exodus 40:5,6; Numbers 3:38; Numbers 7:10 and elsewhere (all P), 1 Kings 6:21; 1 Kings 7:49 +.

e. Of time, before: Amos 1:1: לפני הָָֽ רעַשׁ before the earthquake, Genesis 29:26; Genesis 30:30 לְפָנַי before me (i.e. before I came to thee), Exodus 10:14 לפניו לא היה כן before it there was not the like, Numbers 13:22; 1 Kings 16:25,30 מִכֹּל אֲשֶׁר לְפָנָיו, Isaiah 43:10; Isaiah 48:7; Proverbs 8:25; Job 15:7 etc. Sq. infinitive, Genesis 13:10 ׳לִפְנֵי שַׁחֵת י before ׳יs destroying, etc., Genesis 27:7 לִפְנֵי מוֺתִי, Genesis 36:31; 1 Samuel 9:15 +. Once, in late Hebrew, לִפְנֵי מִזֶּה before this Nehemiah 13:4.

f. In the manner of, like (rare and dubious), 1 Samuel 1:16 אַלתִּֿתֵּן אֶתאֲֿמָֽתְךָ לִפְנֵי בַתבִּֿלִיַּעַל like a worthless woman, Job 3:24 like my food, Job 4:19 they are crushed like the moth (compare Lat pro).

5 מִלִּפְנֵי73 from before: —

a. from the presence of (properly, from a position before a person or object: to be distinguished from מִמְּנֵי; see

6): (a) Genesis 41:46 ׳ויצא יוסף מִלִּפְנֵי פ from before Pharaoh, Genesis 47:10; 2 Kings 5:27; 2 Kings 6:32 +; ׳י ׳מל Genesis 4:6 Cain went forth from before ׳י, Jonah 1:3,10; specifically of the sanctuary, Leviticus 9:24 ׳ותצא אשׁ מלפני י (so Leviticus 10:2), קֶצֶף Numbers 17:11 (compare 2 Chronicles 19:2), with לָקַח etc. Leviticus 16:12; Numbers 17:24; Numbers 20:9, 1 Samuel 21:7 the shew-bread that was removed from before ׳י; from before a place 1 Kings 8:54; Ezra 10:6; 2Chronicles 1:13, (b) of taking, etc., from before a person, Genesis 23:4 to bury my dead from before me, Genesis 23:8; Exodus 36:3; Deuteronomy 17:18 ׳וכתב לו מִשְׁנֵה התורה הזאת מל הכהנים from (the copy) before the priests, Deuteronomy 28:31 גָּזוּכ מלפניך. (c) with בקשׁ Esther 4:8 [compare מִןקֳדָם Daniel 2:18]; and to express the idea of proceeding from a person, Esther 1:19 [compare Daniel 2:15], Ecclesiastes 10:5; 1 Chronicles 29:12 הָעשֶׁר והכבוד מלפניך (compare Acts 3:19); Psalm 17:2 מלפניך. יֵצֵא משׁפטי. (d) of cutting off, etc., from before ׳י (compare לִפְנֵי

a b, c), Leviticus 22:3; 1 Kings 8:25 לֹאיִֿכָּרֵת לְךָ אִישׁ, מִלְּפָנִי Jeremiah 31:36; Jeremiah 33:18; Isaiah 48:19: Psalm 51:13 אַלתַּֿשְׁלִיכֵנִי מִלְּפָנְיךָ (compare 8a); Jeremiah 16:17 לֹא נִסְתְּרוּ מִלְּפָנַי, Jeremiah 18:23; Nehemiah 3:37. (e) of expelling from before an invader, Exodus 23:28; Deuteronomy 9:4; Deuteronomy 11:23; Deuteronomy 31:3 + (but much less common than מִמְּנֵי).

b. (Chiefly late) to express the source or cause, with the force of the לְ weakened, in cases where the earlier language would have used מִמְּנֵי: with verbs of fearing, 1 Samuel 18:12; Ecclesiastes 3:14; Ecclesiastes 8:12,13; 1 Chronicles 16:30 חִילִי מִלְּפָנָיו [“” Psalm 96:9 מפניו], Psalm 114:7 (twice in verse); Esther 7:6; 2Chronicles 32:7 ( + מפני); failing, etc., Isaiah 57:16; Psalm 97:5; being humbled, 1 Kings 21:29 ( + מפני), 2 Chronicles 32:12,23; 34:27 [“” 2 Kings 22:19 מפני], 2Ki 36:12; crying for help 1 Samuel 8:18 [compare מפני Exodus 3:7], singing 1 Chronicles 16:33 [“” Psalm 96:13 לפני], fleeing 1 Chronicles 19:18 [“” 2 Samuel 10:18 מִמְּנֵי].

c. of time, once, = לִפְנֵי Ecclesiastes 1:10. — With the later usages of ׳מל, compare מִן קֳדָם in Biblical Aramaic and ᵑ7 (Dr Smlxx-lxxi, lxxiii); see also Köii. 320.

6 מִמְּנֵי from the face or presence of, from before, Exodus 14:19 וַיִּסַּע עמוד הענן מִמְּנֵיהֶם removecl from before them, Isaiah 30:11; Hosea 11:2; so

a. (often with suggestion of causation (see מִן

2d, e, f), because of, for fear of [so AV RV Judges 9:21; 1 Samuel 21:11; 1 Samuel 23:26; Jeremiah 35:11 (twice in verse); Jeremiah 37:11; Jeremiah 41:9; Jeremiah 50:16]) after verbs of hiding Genesis 3:8; Genesis 4:14; Isaiah 2:10 (compare Isaiah 2:19; Isaiah 2:21); and especially of escaping, Judges 9:21 (Thes ‘bene ᵑ9 ob metum A.’), 1 Samuel 18:11; 1 Samuel 19:10; 1 Samuel 23:26, or fleeing, Exodus 4:3; Exodus 14:25; 1 Samuel 17:24 + often (see בָּרַךְ and נוּס), and expelling, destroying, etc. Exodus 23:30 אֲגָָֽרְשֶׁנּוּ מִמָּנֶיךָ I will expel them from before thee, Exodus 34:11,24 אוֺרִישׁ גּוֺיִם מִמָּנֶיךָ (see הוֺרִישׁ), Leviticus 18:24; Deuteronomy 8:20; Amos 2:9; Psalm 89:24 + often (as though clearing the way for Israel, for Israel’s sake: compare Isaiah 63:12 בּוֺקֵעַ מַיִס מִמְּנֵיהֶם, Joshua 2:10; Joshua 4:23). Pregn. Isaiah 17:9 ׳כַּעֲזוּבַת ֗֗֗ אשׁר עזבו מפני בני ישׂר which they forsook (fleeing) from before, etc.

b. implying causation more distinctly. Psalm 9:4 יאבדו מפניך perish from before thee or at the presence, Deuteronomy 7:20: very often with verbs of fearing, as גור, יגר, חיל, ירא, ערץ, פחד, קוץ Exodus 9:30; Numbers 22:3 (twice in verse); Deuteronomy 1:17; Jeremiah 5:22 etc. (mostly when the object inspiring fear is a person: when it is a thing, מִן alone is preferred; but see Deuteronomy 5:5; Deuteronomy 9:19); of being alarmed or dismayed Genesis 45:3; Joshua 2:9; Jeremiah 1:17; Job 23:15, etc.; of humbling oneself Exodus 10:3; Judges 11:33 +; with other words, to indicate the external ground of an action or effect, as הַס מִמָּנָיו be silent at (i.e. because of) his presence Zephaniah 1:7; Habakkuk 2:20; Judges 5:5 the mountains flowed ׳מפני י at the presence of ׳י, Isaiah 63:19; Jeremiah 4:26; Nahum 1:5; Psalm 68:3 as wax melteth מפני אשׁ; Deuteronomy 20:19; Isaiah 19:1; Isaiah 26:17 כן היינו מפניך so were we through thy presence (more than לפניך, — implying that their state was due to ׳י); קום מפני to rise up at the presence of Genesis 31:35; Leviticus 19:32. (N.B. In

a, b, frequently rendered before in AV RV, and so confused with לפני; but the מִן retains always its full force in the Hebrew)

c. of the cause, whether nearer or more remote: (a) Genesis 6:13 מָֽלְאָה הָאָרֶץ חָמָס מִמְּנֵיהֶם because of them (i.e. occasioned by them), Genesis 27:4 I loathe my life because of the daughters of Heth, Genesis 36:7 the land could not support them because of their cattle, Genesis 41:31; Genesis 47:13; Exodus 3:7 their cry by reason of their taskmasters, Exodus 8:20 תִּשָּׁחֵת הָאָרֶץ מִמְּנֵי הֶעָרֹב, Exodus 9:11; Joshua 2:11; Joshua 23:3; Judges 2:18; Judges 6:6; 1 Kings 5:17; 1 Kings 8:11 + often; Isaiah 10:27 (RVm), Jeremiah 15:17; Psalm 38:4; Psalm 38:6, etc.; Jeremiah 4:4 + מִמְּנֵי רֹעַ מַעַלְלֵיכֶם by reason of the evil of your doings, Jeremiah 7:12; Jeremiah 9:6; Jeremiah 13:17; Jeremiah 14:16; Jeremiah 23:9 + often (b) stating the reason for which a thing is not done (Latin prae,), 1 Kings 8:11; Job 37:19. (c) with אֲשֶׁר as a

conjunction, twice, because that, Exodus 19:18; Jeremiah 44:23. — Numbers 33:8 see מִּי הַחִירֹת.

7 עַלמְּֿנֵי (compare Phoenician עַל מְּנֵ, עלת מְּנֵ, Lzb352) has different meanings according to the different senses of the noun and the preposition: —

a. From the sense of face or front: (a) in front of (more definite and distinct than לפני): Psalm 18:43 as dust before the wind (compare לפני Psalm 35:5; Psalm 83:14 +), Genesis 32:22 the present passed on עלפֿניו in front of him, Exodus 33:19 אעביר כלטֿוּבי עלפֿניך,2 Samuel 15:18,23 (read עלפֿניו: see Dr), Job 4:15; = in the sight of, Leviticus 10:3 ועלפֿני כל העם אֶכָּבֵד, Jeremiah 6:7 עַלמָּֿנַי תָּמִיד חֳלִי וּמַכָּה, Jeremiah 13:26 (compare Nahum 3:5), Psalm 9:20 יִשָּֽׁפְטוּ גוים עלפֿניך before thee: defiantly, Job 1:11 אםלֿא עלֿ פניך יְבָֽרְכֶךָּ will renounce thee to thy face, Job 6:28 ועלפֿניכם אם אֲכַוֵּב, Job 21:31; to die in the presence of any one ( = in his lifetime) Genesis 11:28; Numbers 3:4. (b) before, to the exclusion of another, i.e. in preference to, Deuteronomy 21:16, and perhaps(Ew§ 217 l) Exodus 20:3 (Deuteronomy 5:7) לא יהיה לך אלהים אחרים עלפֿני (Thes and others as c). (c) in addition to, Job 16:14 מֶּרֶץעַלמְּֿנֵיפֶֿרֶץ יִפְרְצֵנִי. (d) of localities, in front of, mostly (but not always: see GFMJu., p. 351) = east of, 1 Kings 6:3 the porch in front of, etc., 1 Kings 6:3; 1 Kings 7:6; 1 Kings 8:8; 2Chronicles 3:17; Ezekiel 42:8; Genesis 16:12 עלפֿני כלאֿחיו ישׁכן (compare Genesis 25:18 b), perhaps (Di and others) with collateral idea of defiance; מַמְרֵא ׳עַלפֿ Genesis 23:19 (Genesis 50:13), Exodus 16:14; often in אשׁר עלפֿני ֗֗֗ Genesis 25:9 (Genesis 49:30), מצרים Genesis 49:18 a (Joshua 13:3; 1 Samuel 15:7), Numbers 21:11; Numbers 33:7 a, ירחו Deuteronomy 32:49 (Deuteronomy 34:1), Joshua 13:3,25; Joshua 15:8 (Joshua 18:16), Joshua 17:7; Joshua 18:14; Joshua 19:11; Judges 16:3; 1 Samuel 24:3 (probably), 1 Samuel 26:1,3; 2 Samuel 2:24; 1 Kings 11:7 (the Mt. of Olives, east of Jews.; so 2 Kings 23:13; Zechariah 14:4), Zech 17:3; Zech 17:5. — Genesis 1:20 let fowl fly עלפֿני רקיע השׁמים in front of the firmament of heaven, namely as looked up to from below, i.e. between the firmament and the earth. (ε) with verbs implying direction, over towardas, Genesis 18:16 וישׁקף עלפֿני סדם, Genesis 19:28; Numbers 21:20 (Numbers 23:28) נשׁקפה עלפֿני הישׁימן overlooking; to sprinkle against the front of Leviticus 16:14; in a hostile sense (rare), Nahum 2:2 עָלָה מֵפִיץ עַלמָּֿנַיִךְ, Psalm 21:13; Ezekiel 32:10.

b. From the sense of surface, Genesis 1:2 עלפֿני תהום upon the face of the deep, Exodus 16:14 ׳המדבר עלפֿ: often in the phrases עלפֿני (כל) הארץ Genesis 1:29; Genesis 7:3 +, and (more frequently) עלפֿני האדמה on the face of the ground Genesis 6:1; Genesis 7:23 etc.; על פני השׂדה Leviticus 17:5; Numbers 19:16; 1 Samuel 14:25 +; after verbs of motion, 1 Samuel 11:4 lest we be scattered over the face of all the earth, 1 Samuel 11:8; 1 Samuel 11:9; Exodus 32:20; Leviticus 14:7 (Leviticus 14:53 אל), Isaiah 18:2; Isaiah 19:8; Amos 5:8; Ezekiel 32:4; Job 5:10 +.

8 מֵעַלמְּֿנֵי

a. from before the face of, Genesis 23:3 Abraham rose up מֵעַל מְּנֵי מֵתוֺ from before his dead, i.e. from mourning before or beside it; Psalms (פניו) מֵעַל פני from before my (his) face, often in Kings & Jeremiah of the rejection of Israel or the temple, as with שִׁלַּת 1 Kings 9:7 (“” 2 Chronicles 7:20 השׁליך), Jeremiah 15:1, השׁליד 2 Kings 13:23; 2 Kings 24:20 (Jeremiah 52:3), Jeremiah 7:15, נטשׁ Jeremiah 23:39, הסיר 2 Kings 17:18,23; 2 Kings 23:27; 2 Kings 24:3; Jeremiah 32:31.

b. from of the surface of, often in the phrase מֵעַל מְּנֵי הָאֲדָמָה, with verbs of cutting off, removing, expelling, etc., Psalms; Genesis 4:14; Genesis 6:7; Genesis 7:4; Genesis 8:8; Exodus 32:12; Deuteronomy 6:15; 1 Samuel 20:15; 1 Kings 9:7; 1 Kings 13:34; Amos 9:8; Jeremiah 28:16; Zephaniah 1:2,3.

Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance
accept, anger, as long as, battle, because of, beseech, countenance
Plural (but always as singular) of an unused noun (paneh {paw-neh’}; from panah); the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a preposition (before, etc.) — + accept, a-(be-)fore(-time), against, anger, X as (long as), at, + battle, + because (of), + beseech, countenance, edge, + employ, endure, + enquire, face, favour, fear of, for, forefront(-part), form(-er time, -ward), from, front, heaviness, X him(-self), + honourable, + impudent, + in, it, look(-eth) (- s), X me, + meet, X more than, mouth, of, off, (of) old (time), X on, open, + out of, over against, the partial, person, + please, presence, propect, was purposed, by reason of, + regard, right forth, + serve, X shewbread, sight, state, straight, + street, X thee, X them(-selves), through (+ – out), till, time(-s) past, (un-)to(-ward), + upon, upside (+ down), with(- in, + -stand), X ye, X you.