John 19:16-42 – Jesus’ Death on the Cross for the World

      16So he then handed Him over to them to be crucified. 17They took Jesus, therefore, and He went out, bearing His own cross, to the place called the Place of a Skull, which is called in Hebrew, Golgotha. 18There they crucified Him, and with Him two other men, one on either side, and Jesus in between. 19Pilate also wrote an inscription and put it on the cross. It was written, “JESUS THE NAZARENE, THE KING OF THE JEWS.” 20Therefore many of the Jews read this inscription, for the place where Jesus was crucified was near the city; and it was written in Hebrew, Latin and in Greek. 21So the chief priests of the Jews were saying to Pilate, “Do not write, ‘The King of the Jews’; but that He said, ‘I am King of the Jews.’” 22Pilate answered, “What I have written I have written.”
      23Then the soldiers, when they had crucified Jesus, took His outer garments and made four parts, a part to every soldier and also the tunic; now the tunic was seamless, woven in one piece. 24So they said to one another, “Let us not tear it, but cast lots for it, to decide whose it shall be”; this was to fulfill the Scripture: “THEY DIVIDED MY OUTER GARMENTS AMONG THEM, AND FOR MY CLOTHING THEY CAST LOTS.” 25Therefore the soldiers did these things.
      But standing by the cross of Jesus were His mother, and His mother’s sister, Mary the wife of Clopas, and Mary Magdalene. 26When Jesus then saw His mother, and the disciple whom He loved standing nearby, He said to His mother, “Woman, behold, your son!” 27Then He said to the disciple, “Behold, your mother!” From that hour the disciple took her into his own household.
      28After this, Jesus, knowing that all things had already been accomplished, to fulfill the Scripture, said, “I am thirsty.” 29A jar full of sour wine was standing there; so they put a sponge full of the sour wine upon a branch of hyssop and brought it up to His mouth. 30Therefore when Jesus had received the sour wine, He said, “It is finished!” And He bowed His head and gave up His spirit.
      31Then the Jews, because it was the day of preparation, so that the bodies would not remain on the cross on the Sabbath (for that Sabbath was a high day), asked Pilate that their legs might be broken, and that they might be taken away. 32So the soldiers came, and broke the legs of the first man and of the other who was crucified with Him; 33but coming to Jesus, when they saw that He was already dead, they did not break His legs. 34But one of the soldiers pierced His side with a spear, and immediately blood and water came out. 35And he who has seen has testified, and his testimony is true; and he knows that he is telling the truth, so that you also may believe. 36For these things came to pass to fulfill the Scripture, “NOT A BONE OF HIM SHALL BE BROKEN.” 37And again another Scripture says, “THEY SHALL LOOK ON HIM WHOM THEY PIERCED.”
      38After these things Joseph of Arimathea, being a disciple of Jesus, but a secret one for fear of the Jews, asked Pilate that he might take away the body of Jesus; and Pilate granted permission. So he came and took away His body. 39Nicodemus, who had first come to Him by night, also came, bringing a mixture of myrrh and aloes, about a hundred pounds weight. 40So they took the body of Jesus and bound it in linen wrappings with the spices, as is the burial custom of the Jews. 41Now in the place where He was crucified there was a garden, and in the garden a new tomb in which no one had yet been laid. 42Therefore because of the Jewish day of preparation, since the tomb was nearby, they laid Jesus there.

Interesting Words
bearing

(βαστάζω – Greek) – bastazó bear, endure, support, carry something, whether physically, emotionally, or spiritually – Matt 3:11, 8:17; Luke 14:27; Gal 6:2;

Golgotha

(Γολγοθᾶ – Greek) – Golgotha a knoll outside the wall of Jerusalem, resembling a “skull” or “head”, known as “the place of the skull”, was a site of execution where Jesus Christ was crucified, translated Calvary in Latin. The location’s proximity to the city allowed many to witness the crucifixion of Jesus, fulfilling various Old Testament prophecies about the Messiah’s suffering and death – Matt 27:32-34;

thirsty

(διψάω – Greek) – dipsaó thirst for, desire earnestly, primarily denotes a physical thirst, a natural craving for water – Matt 5:6; John 4:13-14; Rev 21:6, 22:17;

finished

(τελέω – Greek) – τελέω To complete, to finish, to fulfill, to accomplish, signifies bringing something to its intended goal or conclusion, fulfillment of duties, results “rolling-over” to the next level – 2Cor 12:9; 2Tim 4:7;

Cross References
▪︎ Various Messianic prophesies – Isa 61:1, 2 ; Mal 3:1; Isa 35:4-5, 6; Deut 18:15, 16, 17-18; Zech 9:9; Hosea 11:1; Isa 9:1, 2, 6, 7
   (full text – Isa_9:1-7)
▪︎ Typology of His crucifixion –
    • Rebellion – Numb 21:5, 6
    • OT Typology – Numb 21:8, 9;
    • NT Solution – John 3:14-15, 16
▪︎ Prophesies of His crucifixion –
    • Ps 16:10;
    • Ps 22:1, 7-8, 9, 14;
      (full text – Ps_22:14-23)
    • Isa 53:3, 4,
      (full text – Isa_53:3-11)

Discussion Questions
Download questions to Word document (click here). Enter your answers, then meet with some friends to discuss. You can also compare your answers to mine for a virtual discussion… to answers… John 19:16-42 – Jesus’ Death on the Cross for the World – Answers

1. Why was the location of Jesus’ crucifixion important?

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2. How is Jesus’ humanity reflected in this description of His crucifixion?

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3. Consider the first set of cross references entitled “Various Messianic Prophecies”. How do they reflect God’s overall plan?

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4. Looking at 2Cor 5:21 and the typology shown in John 3:14-15, how did God the father look at Jesus on the cross?

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5. What is evident from those who were present at the foot of the cross? Consider other cross references such as Matt 1:23, Luke 1:32-33, 47-48, Luke 2:18-19, 2:34-35, 48, 49, 51-52?

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6. How do the prophecies about the crucifixion dramatically display what Jesus went thru on the cross?

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7. List all the ways the cross “completes” the Plan of God.

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